![]() In some people with dementia, this feeling of familiarity occurs without the recognition of an error, he says. “You get this: ‘Huh, weird, all of these experiences I’m having don’t quite match up.’ So it’s at that stage that you realize that you’ve made an error,” O’Connor says, “which is why it feels like an error, even though it’s probably actually the avoidance of an error.” When no actual matches are found, the result is a discomfiting sense of having seen it all before, accompanied by the knowledge that you haven’t. When this happens, another region of the brain then checks this feeling of familiarity against your recall of past experiences. Andrews in Scotland, who researches déjà vu. The feeling may arise when parts of your brain that recognize familiar situations get activated inappropriately, says Akira Robert O’Connor, a cognitive psychologist at the University of St. Nevertheless, scientists think that déjà vu actually provides a peek into how the memory system works when it goes a little off-kilter. Re-creating it on command in a laboratory is tricky business. It’s a hard feeling to study, though, because it tends to arise spontaneously and be shaken off easily, scientists say. Most people experience this sensation, known as déjà vu, at some point in their lives. It’s an eerie feeling: You walk into a place you know you’ve never been before but are overwhelmed by a sense of familiarity-a memory you can’t quite reach.
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